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Guide
UN38.3 Test Explained for Lithium Battery Shipping
Almost every conversation about shipping lithium batteries ends with the same phrase: “do you have the UN38.3?” Here is what that test actually is, why airlines and couriers insist on it, and the paperwork mistakes that most often hold cargo back.
By the Cargo163 operations team · Updated 30 September 2026 · 7 min read
Lithium batteries are chemically energetic and, if abused or defective, can enter thermal runaway. The UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, section 38.3 defines a series of tests that a battery cell or battery must pass before it may be transported — by air especially. Passing proves the design can withstand the normal conditions of transport.
The result of those tests is documented in the UN38.3 Test Summary, the single most requested document in battery freight.
The tests
What the UN38.3 test covers
The series simulates transport stresses. The exact test set depends on whether it is a cell or a battery, but it typically includes:
Thermal test
Repeated temperature cycling.
Vibration & shock
Mechanical handling stresses.
Electrical tests
Short circuit, impact, overcharge, forced discharge.
The document
What the test summary must show
Airlines and freight forwarders rely on the UN38.3 Test Summary because it standardises the key facts. It should clearly identify:
- The battery model — it must match the goods being shipped
- The manufacturer and the testing laboratory
- The test results against each UN38.3 test
- The contact details for the party issuing the summary
A summary for a different model than the cargo is one of the most common rejection reasons we see.
UN38.3 vs MSDS vs DGD — not the same thing
- UN38.3 summary — proof the model passed transport tests
- MSDS / SDS — safety data on chemistry & hazards
- DGD — a declaration for a specific dangerous-goods consignment
Different documents, different purposes; a compliant shipment usually needs more than one.
Delays
Common UN38.3 problems that stall shipments
Model mismatch
The summary covers a different model than what is in the boxes.
Outdated or missing summary
Only a test report exists, not the standardised summary format.
Contradicts other docs
UN38.3, MSDS and the label disagree on Wh or configuration.
Have a battery shipment to review?
Send your UN38.3 summary, MSDS and specification — we check the documents before recommending a compliant route.
Related reading: Battery Shipping from China · UN3480 vs UN3481 · How to Ship Lithium Batteries by Air · Battery Shipping Cost · All guides
Note: Documentation and testing requirements vary by battery chemistry, configuration, transport mode, destination and carrier. This guide is general logistics information and does not replace the applicable dangerous-goods regulations. Cargo163 reviews each shipment's documents before confirming a solution.